Eight Hills in the Eastern Jin Dynasty

　　 Liu Muzhi was a little surprised, and turned to say, "Have you studied this founding noble? There was a precedent for granting the founding noble when Dajin was founded. It was not your invention."

Liu Yu smiled slightly: "For this, I have specially studied Baihu Tongyi. I have a good knowledge of the formation, inheritance and change process of noble titles from ancient times to the present. For the meaning and origin of the feudal, founding, and fifth-class titles, the pros and cons are also very clear. So, I have this thought after careful consideration, and you are the first person to hear these thoughts from me."

　　 A hint of excitement flashed in Liu Muzhi's eyes: "Then I would be happy to be the first to hear these thoughts from you, Ji Nu, you can talk about it."

Liu Yu took a deep breath and said: "The origin of this title can be traced back to the ancient Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties. Since Xia Qi abolished the ancient system of concessions, he became his son inherited and created the first dynasty in Chinese history. This feudal vassal began to appear. Strictly speaking, Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties were tribal alliances dressed in dynasty. Since the beginning of Yin and Shang, the king of Shang named the leaders of the tribes loyal to him as Fang Bo According to the size of the tribe and the different fiefs, the three classes of Gong, Hou, and Bo Zinan are awarded to these three different knights, which are called Yin Jue."

"And after the Zhou Dynasty destroyed the Shang and established itself, it also followed the Shang Dynasty system. At this time, the tribes on the Chinese land gradually changed from the nomadic country in ancient times to farming and settlement, and their territories and territories were gradually fixed. Therefore, on the basis of Yin Jue's third class, it became the fifth class Zhou Jue, which is the fifth class of Gong, Hou, Bo, Zi, and Men as we know it. And according to the different titles, the area of ​​the territory given is also different. Under the baron, he does not have the status of a vassal, but can only be a vassal."

"From the Western Zhou Dynasty to the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, for eight hundred years, the vassals of the world were fighting endlessly, and the Zhou royal family, as the emperor, was unable to forbid the attack between the vassals, and the lack of royal power was just like the Hulu on the grassland. Like the Khanate, it continued to merge and fight for 800 years, until the Qin destroyed the six kingdoms and unified the world, abolished the original feudal vassal system, and replaced it with a centralized unified system of counties and counties. It was considered a complete change."

Liu Muzhi nodded: "Well said, whether it's Xia, Shang or Zhou, the emperor who found the country thought that he had assigned his brothers, nephews and nephews to various places to become vassals, and this world would always belong to his family and one surname. Everyone knows that going out of the family means self-reliance. Even if they are of the same surname, they will be like strangers after a few generations. On the contrary, they will let the vassals of other surnames take advantage. I have to say that this is a practice of sealing foreigners. It is equivalent to the fact that these places that were enfeoffed have nothing to do with the emperor. The people in these places only obey the orders of their own vassals, and do not know what the emperor is. This is how the eight hundred years of war came into being."

Liu Yuzheng said: "So Qin saw the tragic results of the Zhou dynasty's entrustment, so he vigorously restrained the clan and did not engage in this kind of fifth-class entrustment, but invented the 20th-class nobility mechanism. From the first The public servants of the eighth level to the eighth-level public servants are judges based on the killing of the enemy on the battlefield or the taxation of the usual farming. This is that all the common people and even the slaves can get through their own struggle. After the title is promoted, the status of the title is improved. The amount of taxes paid will be reduced and exempted according to the title. The amount of land allocated will also increase with the increase in the title. Even the food standard for meals in the army is not The same. This is a huge stimulus for ordinary people, so that they can pass these folklords and have tangible benefits."

"However, these nobles are extinct after death, and cannot be passed down to their descendants. So in this sense, the common people are still common people, and they are still quite different from the scholars. This distance is the eighth-level prince. The difference between the ninth rank and the five doctors is that when they reach the ninth rank, they are Shijue, an official scholarship."

Liu Muzhi smiled slightly: "Yes, scholars are often the descendants of the lords. According to the Zhou etiquette, the title can only be inherited by the sons of the princes, and the other non-eldest sons can only become sons. Relegated to ordinary scholars, but even scholars, their status is much higher than that of ordinary people. Not only is there a difference in the education they receive, but the title you are talking about reflects the difference. Twenty-class nobility Under the system, the five doctors starting at the ninth level are scholars, while the eighth-level ones are only the folklores, who are reclaimed after death, and the children and grandchildren cannot enjoy the benefits."

Liu Yu nodded: "Yes, but this sage is also divided into superiors and inferiors. The five doctors at the ninth level and the great generals at the eighteenth level. Although they are sages, they will be descended on behalf of them. If you don’t do meritorious service, the next generation will be downgraded by a few ranks. If you drop down, they will become the lowest ninth class of the Five Doctors. Although they are better than the folklords, the status of scholars can be lost at any time. If you have committed a crime, you will be downgraded to another level, and you will completely become an old peasant."

"But the nineteenth and twentieth ranks can be replaced by inheritance, that is, the nineteenth-level Guan Neihou and the twentieth-level Liehou, these two nobles~www.wuxiaspot.com ~ No generation to surrender, as long as the dynasty does not die, or your children and grandchildren do not break the law to seize the nobility, it will be passed on from generation to generation. It can be said that after fighting for these two nobility, you can truly eat the iron rice bowl and be afflicted with the country. Up."

"Since the Qin Dynasty, the Han Dynasty has also inherited this twenty-class noble system. The so-called Feng Tang Yi Lao, Li Guang is difficult to be named. The former parachutist Li Guang, who has always wanted to be able to seal a gate in his entire life, ended up fighting for a lifetime. However, it was his son Li Gan who followed Huo Qu's disease on the expedition, and he won the Guan Neifeng because of his merits. It is a huge irony."

Liu Muzhi smiled slightly: "However, the system of the 20th-class nobility ended after the end of the Western Han Dynasty. Wang Mang restructured the ancient system, and the first restoration was the fifth-class nobility of the Zhou Dynasty. Although the new dynasty It soon perished, but after Emperor Guangwu of the Eastern Han Dynasty ascended the throne, the fifth-class noble system remained unchanged. Do you know the reason for this?"

Liu Yu calmly said: "I said, I have read the Baihu Tongyi, which tells in detail about the changes in knighthood since ancient times, which was written by the master Pangu of the Eastern Han Dynasty. The twentieth-level knight system of the Qin and Han Dynasties is Corresponding to the unified system of centralized power, the princes are to stimulate the people to serve the country in the army, while the princes must select officials from among these princes to manage the county system. These princes only have noble names, not the names of states, prefectures, and counties. It means that they will no longer consolidate the land like the Zhou dynasty, and can only be officials who obey the emperor's orders, not the lords who split the soil and divided the territory before!"

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