Eight Hills in the Eastern Jin Dynasty

Liu Yu frowned: "I never wanted to understand this point. Cao Cao ruled the world with the method of criminal name, and promoted only talents. Therefore, the scholars of the world refused to accept it. After nearly two hundred years of crazy development in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Cao Cao ruled the world. In the Qin Dynasty and the Western Han Dynasty, the landlords and powerful people who were not able to become a climate in the Qin Dynasty and the Western Han dynasty were all sitting big, and there appeared a family of four generations and three princes like the Yuan family, but they were still not considered to be aristocratic families. The most important point is that it is in this title. In the above, according to the laws of the two Han dynasties, people who were not nobles were not allowed to be officials. Although the Eastern Han Dynasty did not restrain the tyranny, it did not allow a family or a family to continue to serve as the central imperial court by relying on the hereditary of the knighthood. This is also the case for the Yuan family. In one case, after arriving at Cao Wei, everything changed."

Liu Muzhi nodded: "Yes, although Cao Cao himself comes from a powerful family of landlords, he also knows that the powerful landlord occupies the land and the basic functions of the country are completely opposite to the basic function of taxation. The stronger the landlord, the stronger the country. The weaker, so Cao Cao managed the national household registration separately during the war, and the titles only granted military merits. Those who opposed him were ruthlessly punished. In this way, although the imperial power was strengthened, However, they renounced with the noble and powerful landlords. When Cao Cao was alive, they did not dare to do anything. But by the time of Cao Cao's last years, there was already a tendency to confrontation in many places, especially when it came to usurping the Han, there were Xun or something like this. For many years, veterans took the lead in opposition, and people like Yang Xiu were also alienated from him."

　　 Liu Yu laughed: "Isn't this Yang Xiu one of the members of the early Mafia? It seems that this black-handed universe was established to deal with a ruler with real power like Cao Cao."

Liu Muzhi smiled slightly: "Yes, it was when the family was initially formed. The world went from chaos to the beginning of treatment. The population loss was more than nine tenths. There was an urgent need to restore vitality. At this time, a large number of talents are needed, and because of literacy and For cultural reasons, most of these talents were the original scholars, and Cao Cao had to use them. There were more land and fewer people, and the phenomenon of occupying shady households had already appeared in the era of Cao Cao, and he could not fully crack down on them, and could only target some of them. Openly opposed his scholars and killed chickens and monkeys. Yang Xiu and the others were members of the first generation of Mafia. They wanted to have a way to oppose Cao Cao. I don’t know if Cao Cao knew of the existence of this organization and hurt the killer, but the final result was that Since then, the Mafia went underground and continued to confront secretly. This opportunity appeared in Cao Pi's body."

Liu Yuzheng said: "Yes, the battle of Cao Cao's elder son to win the concubine was very tragic, and Cao Pi won in the end, but in this battle, Cao Cao's sons were dead and abolished. After the Cao family was an eunuch, the family foundation It’s not deep, the people are thin, and even such an infighting, the clan is scarce. The world always needs to be governed and guarded. If there is no clan, you can only rely on the powerful landlord or the high-ranking family that began to form at this time. When the landlord arrives in the family, only the last step is left."

　　 Liu Muzhi nodded vigorously: "It is the rules and decrees that allow big landlords to inherit power!"

Liu Yu took a sigh of relief and continued: "Yes, this is the origin of the Nine-Rank Zhongzheng system. Cao Cao didn't usurp the Han. For one thing, he didn't want to bear this notoriety and let his son do it. Secondly, he couldn't get the landlord and noble family. Our general support, Xun or such veterans may be because they are loyal to the Han Dynasty and do not want to recite the infamy, but Yang Xiu and the new generation of scholars are obviously standing in political lines. If the world's noble clans do not publicly support it, then Cao Cao will count. If you usurp the throne, you will be treated as a rebel and thief, and you won’t be able to stay for long.”

"So, when Cao Pi arrived, he had to compromise with the powerful landlords. This is the origin of the Nine-Rank Zhongzheng system. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, there was a method of recommendation for local officials, and local wise elders were often appointed by local officials. It was the local big landlords who came to recommend local talents as officials. The so-called exemplification of talents and filial piety is the case, but in the Eastern Han Dynasty, these people should also pay attention to influence and prestige, so that they would not just recommend their own family for misconduct. The younger generations who have no ability to learn are mostly recommended people who have the name of virtue in the local area. This name of virtue is mostly a word of filial piety."

Liu Muzhi laughed: "Yes, since the Western Han Dynasty, the world has been governed by filial piety. After all, Liu Bang has seized the world as an official of the Qin Dynasty. Although it can be said that it is to promote troops and eliminate violence, the word loyalty cannot be talked about anyway. We can only talk about filial piety. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, this kind of recommendation could not directly test the person’s ability to actually govern the country, or even his Confucianism, history, and history. Therefore, the word filial piety can only be used as the highest standard for judging virtue. This is the reason why there are so many stories about filial sons and virtuous grandchildren in the Eastern Han Dynasty. However, the talents who come out like this may not have real ability, but if they are true filial sons, they often have a heart of love and loyalty, and they will not be bad for the country and the people. ."

Liu Yu sighed: "It's a pity that when it came to Cao Pi, the nine-grade Zhongzheng system was released, and it changed. It used to be a local Zhongzheng who recommended talents and had to take into account the local influence. However, Cao Pi's transaction quickly made This Zhongzheng has become the DPRK’s sending people to local places to recommend and inspect talents~www.wuxiaspot.com~ This quickly becomes a power transaction. The Zhongzheng will collude with local tycoons and recommend these tyrants, or simply recommend them. In Cao Pi’s time, this kind of recommendation was linked to the title, which ensured that the power would always be monopolized by the powerful and powerful clans, and the common people would never have their heads. It was so similar to me since the Great Southern Crossing of Shanxi. !"

"Because of the emergence of such a system, the powerful landlords have truly become family members. Not only do they occupy large areas of farmland and population, but they also have the power to ensure that they can always be officials and be central officials. The recommended talents often go directly to the DPRK to serve as officials, and not only to be parents in the local government. Therefore, the power began to be hereditary, and the Sima clan's ability to usurp power to replace the Wei is the best manifestation of the complete control of the central government by the local clans. And this system Since Sima Yi seized power, it has continued to this day. It has not only caused the tragedy of the Eight Kings Rebellion, but has also been the bane of a hundred years of ineffectiveness since I traveled to the south of Shanxi Province!"

Liu Muzhi's expression also became serious: "Yes, since the founding of the Great Jin Dynasty, the knighthood and the nine-rank Zhongzheng system, which is the method of selecting officials, have been combined. The knighthood can be replaced by hereditary and above the fifth class. The founding princes began to appear again. In the Western Jin Dynasty, the founding of the country was only to allow those with princes to formally seal the Maobao soil, and use one-third of the tax revenue of the local households as their food towns and salaries. Send slaves, you That’s how the founding duke of the Yuzhang County Lord of the 10,000 households, and the civil and military servants of the Zhenjun General’s Mansion came here.

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