Great Country Academician

Although he was so busy last night that he didn't go to bed until after two o'clock in the evening, Xu Chuan still got out of bed at seven o'clock the next day.

After a simple wash and breakfast, he rushed to the research institute.

The test of the high-temperature copper-carbon-silver composite material is not yet finished. Last night, he and Song Wenbai only tested the superconducting critical Tc temperature and the Midas effect. It was confirmed that this new copper-carbon-silver composite can transform into a superconducting state at a temperature of 152K.

And the test items of a material can be more than these.

In addition to the mechanical performance test and electronic characteristic measurement of ordinary materials, superconducting materials also have unique tests on boundary current density, vortex pinning performance, and trapped magnetic field.

Compared with the ordinary characteristics of mechanics and electronics, the subsequent superconducting test is the key to the quality of a superconducting material.

For example, the critical current density refers to the maximum current density that can be achieved in a certain chemical environment. Even under the maximum current flow, there will be no electrode corrosion or chemical impedance change.

Anyone who has a little knowledge of superconductors generally knows that superconductivity has a critical temperature Tc. It is the temperature at which a normal phase material transforms into a superconducting material.

But a superconductor not only has a critical temperature, but also a critical current density and a critical magnetic field strength.

Once the temperature is higher than the critical temperature/the current density exceeds the critical current density/the magnetic field strength exceeds the critical magnetic field strength, it will transform to the normal phase.

In other words, to put it simply, excessive temperature, excessive current, and excessive magnetic field will cause superconductors to lose their superconductivity.

However, there is no material with high critical temperature, high critical current density and high critical magnetic field density in the superconductors prepared today, so the application of superconductors is not widespread.

But because of this, the study of superconductors is of great value.

If the "three high" superconductors (high critical temperature, high critical magnetic field, and high critical current density) can be found, they will have broad application prospects.

Therefore, although related research is not the most popular, it has always been one of the important research directions in the field of condensed matter physics.

How to increase the critical current density and critical magnetic field density is also the most cutting-edge research direction in the field of superconducting materials.

So in the next time, Xu Chuan needs to conduct a complete test on the high-temperature copper-carbon-silver composite superconducting material he prepared. To determine the parameters of various aspects of this new material.

In addition, he also needs to industrialize this product as soon as possible.

After all, time waits for no one, and the controllable nuclear fusion project has already started. Compared with using other superconducting materials, such as copper oxide-based superconducting materials to manufacture magnetic confinement devices, he is more willing and familiar with using the copper-carbon developed by himself in the future. Silver composite high temperature superconducting materials.

On the one hand, it is not only because of familiarity with the properties of copper-carbon-silver composite high-temperature superconducting materials; on the other hand, the magnetic field strength that copper-carbon-silver composite high-temperature superconducting materials can provide is far superior to that of ordinary superconducting materials.

The reason why large-scale strong particle collisions often span tens of kilometers is not only because the particles need to be accelerated to the extreme, but also because the superconductor that provides the magnetic field has a limit.

For example, the LHC collider at the European Atomic Energy Research Center uses a magnet made of niobium-titanium (NbTi) superconducting material, which can only provide a magnetic field strength of 8.3 Tesla at present.

However, the performance in this aspect seriously limits the energy level of the collision. Currently, the limit of the collision energy level of the LHC is around 13 Tev.

But if the magnetic field strength can be doubled to 16T, then on the scale of LHC, the collision energy level can be raised to 100Tev level.

When the magnetic field strength is doubled, the collision energy level can be increased by nearly eight times.

This is the importance of the critical magnetic field of superconducting materials.

In controllable nuclear fusion, the importance of the critical magnetic field strength is even more important.

Only a high critical magnetic field can provide higher magnetic confinement. It is impossible for Xu Chuan to build the reactor into a giant reactor with a diameter of more than ten kilometers in order to increase the confinement. That is unrealistic.

So increasing the high critical magnetic field is his only choice.

At present, the superconductor material with the highest critical magnetic field is the magnesium diboron ultra-low temperature superconductor material researched by Sakuraguo, which can reach a magnetic field strength of 40 Tesla.

A magnetic field strength of 40 tesla does not sound like an exaggeration, but it is actually quite amazing.

Simply compare and you will know.

Take the refrigerator, an electric appliance commonly used in households, as an example. The magnets used in refrigerators are only one hundredth of a Tesla, or 0.01T.

In contrast, the value of 40T is exaggerated.

However, due to the shortcomings of the material itself, which is difficult to shape and requires an extremely low critical temperature, this magnesium-diboron low-temperature superconducting material cannot be widely used in instruments and equipment, and is currently only used for laboratory research.

Although the conventional copper oxide superconductor material can also provide a magnetic field strength close to 20T, it also has the disadvantages of the magnesium diboron ultra-low temperature superconductor material.

As for the copper-carbon-silver composite high-temperature superconducting material, the magnetic field strength of the material he researched later was around 16T.

In this life, the critical magnetic field strength calculated by using the high-temperature superconducting mechanism and mathematical models is unknown.

From the calculation theory, the solid magnetic field strength of this new copper-carbon-silver composite high-temperature superconductor should be able to reach more than 20T.

How much it can achieve, you need to pass the test to know

In Fan Pengyue's office at the Chuanhai Materials Research Institute, Xu Chuan touched his face unnaturally, as if there was something on it.

On the opposite side, his master Xiong Fan Pengyue was staring at him with an extremely strange look.

Unbearable to be watched, Xu Chuan coughed, interrupted the weird atmosphere, and said, "I said, it's not the first time we met, why are you staring at me like this? flower."

Hearing this, Fan Pengyue said strangely: "Are you really a human being?"

The corner of Xu Chuan's mouth twitched, and he said, "It's not necessary. Although the results of 152K high-temperature superconducting materials are indeed amazing, it doesn't mean it's impossible."

Hearing this, Fan Pengyue wanted to roar, he felt that his three views were being infinitely challenged.

"Yes, high-temperature superconductivity at 152K is indeed not impossible!"

"But didn't you just take away the superconducting material data from my laboratory half a month ago!"

"Don't tell me, you did material research when you were studying mathematics at Princeton!"

"Be a person!"

We must know that when he followed his tutor to study tungsten diselenide two-dimensional materials during his doctoral period, he did not find the correct route to synthesize tungsten diselenide after more than a year of hard work.

Less than half a month after this monster obtained the superconducting material data, he raised the Tc critical temperature of the superconducting material from 43.5K to 152K, not to mention a full increase of more than one hundred K, and directly broke the current high-temperature superconducting material. record of.

To be honest, he wanted to cut open the monster's brain to see if there was a quantum computer inside.

Xu Chuan sighed, and said, "Don't talk about it, there are still many things to be busy in the future. Let's finish the test on this material first."

Talking about business, Fan Pengyue also became serious. After thinking for a while, he said: "Material testing should not be a problem. Although we still lack equipment for some parameters, you can come forward and ask NTU to borrow related equipment." Surely no problem."

"You and Song Wenbai completed the preliminary test last night. 152K high-temperature superconductivity, even if its performance in other aspects is weaker, this temperature is destined to have a wide range of application prospects."

"And judging from the ultra-low temperature copper-carbon-silver superconducting material previously studied by Song Wenbai, the performance parameters of the material you are studying should not be low."

As he spoke, he seemed to think of something, looked at Xu Chuan and asked, "If I'm not mistaken, your material should be researched with theoretical and mathematical models, so you should have its relevant parameters and properties in your hand. Forecast data?"

After a pause, he interrupted himself again, and continued: "No, there must be. Song Wenbai reported that you directly and accurately predicted its critical Tc temperature yesterday, so there must be other critical current and critical magnetic field data. .”

Xu Chuan nodded and said: "Indeed, theoretically speaking, the critical magnetic field of this copper-carbon-silver composite high-temperature superconducting material should be able to reach more than 20T. As for the critical current, this needs to be determined according to the temperature and critical magnetic field. .”

Hearing this, Fan Pengyue gasped: "A critical magnetic field of 20T? Are you sure you calculated correctly? This number is terrifying!"

Xu Chuan smiled and said: "It's okay, 20T is a conservative estimate. According to the theory, if it is in a perfect state, its critical magnetic field can reach up to 28.74T."

"Of course, this data should be impossible to achieve in reality."

Hearing this, Fan Pengyue couldn't help swallowing his breath, and said, "If this is the case, the value of this superconducting material will be great."

"Before I was still thinking about how you plan to deal with this material in the future, whether to apply for a patent like the previous artificial SEI film, or to build your own factory to produce and sell finished products."

"Now it seems that building a factory and producing it yourself is the only way."

"I'm afraid you want to apply for a patent for this level of high-temperature superconducting materials, and the higher-ups may ask you to discuss it."

"Although there are some differences between papers and patents and actual manufacturing and technology, they are extremely important, and even involve materials related to national development. I am afraid that the higher authorities will not easily agree with you to publish the paper?"

After a pause, he remembered something, and then asked, "Can your material be made into a wire? How about the performance of traditional mechanics and electricity?"

Xu Chuan thought for a while and said, "It should be possible to make wires. The performance of traditional mechanics and electricity is theoretically better than that of copper oxide-based high-temperature superconducting materials."

"But because of the crystal structure, it is still more inclined to the solid state of ceramics."

"If you want to apply it on a large scale to power generation, transmission, energy storage, weak electricity and other fields, it is still relatively difficult at present."

After a pause, he added: "Of course, during this period of time, I will study and optimize it again to see if I can continue to improve its performance."

"In other words, see if you can change or dope some other materials, and optimize its traditional physical properties without affecting or affecting less."

PS: There is a chapter asking for a monthly pass in the evening!