Into Unscientific

  Chapter 286 A challenge to the starry sky! (Down)

   "I don't perform miracles, because I am a miracle."

   Hear what Gauss said.

   Xu Yun was subconsciously taken aback.

  According to his original judgment.

  Gauss may say some more inspirational chicken soup like when he talked with Tian Hao before, that is, I don’t believe in fate, so as to incite his emotions.

   At that time, maybe when my head gets hot, I will impulsively make certain promises.

   but did not expect

  Gauss actually said such a domineering sentence?

   But at the same time, Xu Yun also discovered that .

  Gauss said these words, it seems that there is really no problem?

You must know that in later generations, there are no less than a hundred theorems beginning with the name of Gauss—although many of them are actually "Gauss XX theorem" given in memory of Gauss, but there are still quite a few of them summarized by Gauss himself. .

   When he was studying, he was underestimated by a nobleman, so he came up with the subject of modern mathematics, and has been suppressing classical mathematics for a long time.

   It can be seen on the Mathematics Genealogy Project, a mathematical genealogy website.

  Gauss currently has 96,947 mathematicians and grandchildren, and a Chinese actress with the same name as him expressed a lot of pressure.

   There is a joke in the mathematics world, which is called 'Riemann is the pen name Gauss used to publish unsatisfactory results'.

   Although this sentence is a pure joke, it is enough to show the horror of Gauss's research results.

   At the same time.

   What is more amazing about Gauss is not his achievements during his lifetime, but the manuscripts left behind after his death.

  The most prolific mathematician in history should be Euler, but the highest-quality manuscript is undoubtedly Gauss—Paul Erdos is a modern figure and will not be discussed.

   Gauss died in 1855, but even in 2022, the mathematics community is still studying Gauss's manuscript.

  For example, the work of Manuel Bhargava, who won the Fields Medal in 2014, was inspired by reading the chapters related to quadratic forms in Gauss's "Exploring Arithmetic".

   This matter was published by Manuel Bhargava on Annals of Mathematics, a top mathematics journal, doi.org/10.4007/annals.2015.181.2.4.

   Hence for Gaussian.

  He does have the right to say 'I am a miracle'.

   Even if he wasn't a believer, maybe the word miracle would be replaced by God of mathematics.

Do not know why.

  Xu Yun somehow thought of Lao Su again.

  It is also the last years of life, and they are also obsessed with the starry sky, but the personalities of Lao Su and Gauss are completely opposite.

  There are of course cognitive barriers caused by different times, but it may be more of a personality difference caused by Eastern and Western cultures.

  The East pays attention to restraint and introversion, while the West is relatively more ostentatious.

  Xu Yun can't say which character is better and which is worse, but he has to admit one thing—he was a little moved by Gauss.

  The history of mankind is a history of challenges and a history of development from scratch, and Huaxia is a leader in this regard.

   Indeed.

  Things that cannot be discovered in 2022 are really difficult for 1850.

   But this sentence is not absolute.

  It does not mean that something that cannot be discovered in 2022 must not be discovered in 1850—the two are actually not necessarily related.

   It's like one of the things introduced before.

  If you change the optical path principle of some telescopes.

  Then the telescope in 1800 is enough to see the stars with magnitude below +12.6 beyond 180 AU.

  The estimated perihelion of the possible ninth planet is about 25-30 billion kilometers, which is theoretically in line with the limit observation distance of astronomical telescopes.

  Plus there is Gauss, Riemann, and wheat at this time

   Maybe

   Can you really give it a try?

   Thinking and thinking.

  Xu Yun's mood also wavered slightly.

   Looking at all the copies in the past, he has led more than one operation across eras.

  For example, the dispersion phenomenon in the calf copy, the infinitesimal series, the development of tomato sauce, etc.

  For example, the electrolysis, mercury telescope and even airplane in Lao Su's copy.

   Another example is the photoelectric effect in the copy of wheat and the observation of Pluto.

   But let’s be honest.

  Although all the above operations have different difficulties, no matter which one it is, Xu Yun is actually clear about it.

  That is, he knows in his heart that he will definitely succeed—even if it doesn't work, there is a remedy.

   This is not because he can strategize, but because there are various models for him to choose from in later generations.

   But this time.

  Later generations do not have any data for him to learn from, which is a completely unsure attempt.

   But that's why it's more interesting, isn't it?

  Think here.

  A flash of determination flashed in Xu Yun's eyes.

   He took a deep breath, looked up at Gauss, and said:

  "Professor Gauss, to tell you the truth, the ancestor of the fat fish did leave some useful things in the field of astronomical observation"

  唰—

   The voice just fell.

  Gauss came to Xu Yun in a flash, without seeing the dying appearance before, staring at him with piercing eyes and asked:

   "Student Luo Feng, are you serious? Mr. Fat Yu really left something behind?"

  “.”

  Xu Yun's mouth twitched, and he nodded dryly:

"of course it's true."

  Gauss hurriedly asked:

   "What's there?"

  Xu Yun pondered for a moment, turned around, pointed to the outside 'Dodoro' telescope and said:

   "The first is the optimization of astronomical equipment. The ancestor of Fat Fish designed a blueprint that can make the imaging effect of the astronomical telescope more obvious."

  Gauss's expression was slightly taken aback, and he blurted out:

   "Optimization?"

  Xu Yun nodded, picked up a pen and mental retardation, and drew a sketch:

   "The ancestor of Fat Fish is a pedantic man. After long-term trials, he discovered a combination of light paths that can increase the observation effect of the telescope without changing the material and aperture."

   "This combination requires a huge primary mirror and a spherical mirror, and it also needs to be equipped with multiple mirror blank units."

   "Because it needs to dig a lot of holes in the inner core area, Fat Fish and Salted Fish named it the 'An Le Plan'."

  Gauss took the paper after hearing the words, and began to watch it seriously.

   It turned out that I just watched it not long ago.

  He let out a slight hum from his mouth.

  This picture drawn by Xu Yun is somewhat different from the standard reflective telescope, for example, it adds a flat-field lens and changes the focal plane to a plane.

   Another example is that many hexagonal lenses are added inside, which seems to require many reflections to form an image.

   That's right!

   Seeing this, some students must have guessed it.

  The design drawings given by Xu Yun are the principle images of the Schmidt telescope.

  In the original 1100 copy, due to the limited level of production accuracy in the Northern Song Dynasty, he could only produce the relatively old combination of the first generation Cassegrain.

   But now it is 1850, and the level of technology is far from comparable to that of 1100.

   And due to changes in the world line, the level of industrial production is even close to 1900.

   In this way.

  Xu Yun directly took out the schematic diagram of the Schmidt telescope.

   The Schmidt telescope appeared in 1931 and was invented by German optician Schmidt.

  It has been modified and optimized part of the optical path diagram, so as to achieve the effect of strong light power, large visible range and good imaging quality.

   Many observatories in later generations also use Schmidt telescopes. For example, Mike Brown's team discovered Eris through it.

  Although the Schmidt telescopes of later generations added active control systems and CDD fine screening modules, in fact these devices are mainly used for star screening and have no impact on imaging.

all in all.

  The Schmidt telescope can be called the ceiling of the reflecting telescope in the astronomical world before the invention of the radio telescope.

  The image points everywhere on the focal plane of the spherical mirror of the Schmidt telescope are symmetrical, and this happens to be the category of the Gaussian curvature of the spherical surface. It is not difficult to see from the naming of this theorem that its summary is the little old man in front of him.

  So I just took a quick look at the schematic diagram, and Gauss's eyes lit up:

   "Good idea! Although there are certain requirements for the glass negative film and the processing of the correction mirror is difficult, the imaging effect is excellent."

  Gauss is like a later monk chanting scriptures, with the index finger and **** of his left hand constantly touching his thumb.

   Soon, he simply calculated the optimal magnification of the video:

   1.5-2.5 times that of Tatara!

To know.

  Although Dodoro is inferior to the treasure of the Berlin Observatory'hixiv' (I don't know how to translate this thing into Chinese), it can at least rank among the top three in Europe!

in this case.

  Xu Yun can take out design drawings at will twice as many as Dotara.

  Gauss subconsciously popped up a word:

   So scary!

   Then he looked at Xu Yun again and said:

   "Student Luo Feng, I will try my best to find someone to complete the preparation of the telescope. Is there anything else?"

   "Others"

  Xu Yun thought for a while, then said:

   "The second is time."

"time?"

  Xu Yun nodded, glanced at the observation records that had been re-sealed, and explained:

   "Professor Gauss, by now, the earlier observation records are of little use."

   "We need more, clearer images of the sky—this must be done with the Schmidt telescope."

   "So after the telescope is successfully optimized, we need at least one year's worth of new observation records."

   "One year?"

  Gauss subconsciously touched his lungs, and pressed his thumb lightly and firmly.

   Then he hesitated for a moment and asked:

   "Student Luo Feng, is one year enough?"

  Xu Yun nodded and said:

   "This involves another arrangement. I will explain it to you later. In short, the more images, the better."

  Gauss took a deep look at him, took a deep breath, and said decisively:

   "No problem, I will write a joint letter with Faraday to persuade as many observatories of various countries as possible to take observation records."

   "The discovery of 'Conan Star' this time should set off a wave of discussion in the astronomical community. Coupled with the optimization map of the Schmidt Telescope, it may be no problem to ask them to help."

   "Then Luo Feng, what about the third point?"

   "The third point."

   This time.

  Xu Yun showed a trace of obvious hesitation on his face, as if he was making some calculations.

   A few seconds passed.

   He gritted his teeth, picked up a pen and wrote on paper.

   After a few minutes, Xu Yun raised his head and handed the calculation paper to Gauss:

   "Mr. Gauss, these are a few formulas derived by the ancestor of Fat Fish after calculating the speed of light back then. It may be helpful to you."

at the same time.

  He sighed slightly in his heart:

  Sorry, love

  Gauss took the piece of paper, his gaze was just a light sweep.

  Suddenly, his pupils shrank, his face changed greatly, and even the calculation paper was shaken and gargled:

   "This is this?"

  See this scenario.

  Riemann on the side couldn't help but look at Maimai, and at the same time saw curiosity from each other's eyes.

To know.

  Even when he first saw the schematic diagram of the Schmidt telescope, Gauss did not lose his composure as he is now.

   It took a while.

  Gauss just slowly raised his head, was silent for a long time, and sighed:

   "Unexpectedly, unexpectedly, Mr. Fat Yu explained the nature of the abnormal precession angle of Mercury hundreds of years ago."

   "What have we mathematicians and physicists of later generations done?"

  Taking advantage of Gauss's absence.

   Riemann and Mai Mai approached him lightly, curiously looking at the content on the paper.

   On the paper that Xu Yun handed to Gauss, there were several equations and some derivations:

  du/dθ+u=GM/h+(3GM/C)u

  △Φ=6πM/L

  dx^a/dS=-￡aik(dx^i/dS)(dx^k/dS)

   That's right.

  Student Zhou Zhou, who must be smarter than the classmate who can see the principle of the Schmidt telescope, has already seen it.

  These formulas given by Xu Yun are exactly the geodesic equations of Lao Ai's second-order asymptotic solution of general relativity, the precession angle equation, and the weak-field low-velocity approximation theory.

  Follow the original historical track.

  Second-order asymptotic solution, which is a perturbation solution derived many years after the general theory of relativity was proposed.

   Not to mention the precession angle equation and the geodesic equations of the weak-field low-velocity approximation theory, which also involves the magnetic-like effect.

  Emotional and rational.

  They are not things that should appear at this time. In fantasy novels, the beginning and the end are to be smashed by heaven and earth.

   But there is no way.

  After all, the scientific community’s cognition of planets these days is still only in the category of first-level asymptotic solutions.

  Although Gauss, Laplace and others have established the perturbation theory, there is still a certain distance from the concept of 'perturbation method'.

  And even the first-order asymptotic solution given by the perturbation method is still somewhat imprecise in the planetary problem.

   Therefore, Xu Yun had no choice but to take out the second-level asymptotic solution.

   Without a second-order asymptotic solution, even Gauss cannot calculate the orbits of trans-Neptunian objects.

   As for the precession angle of Mercury mentioned by Gauss

   This is a famous allusion in astronomy.

  It's called Einstein Killed the 'Vulcan Star'.

   Mentioned earlier.

  Before the 20th century, the Mavericks’ classical mechanics system provided a concise and elegant theoretical explanation for the operation laws of cosmic celestial bodies.

   This set of theories was once so accurate and reliable that Le Verrier discovered Neptune on the tip of his pen only through rigorous mathematical calculations on this basis.

  It was a memorable theoretical victory in the history of science. When the Neptune predicted by Le Verrier appeared in the observer's telescope as scheduled, people became more convinced of the Newtonian mechanics system.

  But when other planets in the solar system verified the correctness of this set of mechanical laws with actual operating data, it happened that Mercury posed a small problem for scientists:

  The actual variation value of Mercury's perihelion orbit has an error of 38 arcseconds per century more than the theoretical value obtained through calculation.

  In order to explain the error value of 38 arcseconds in the "perihelion precession of Mercury's orbit", Le Verrier speculated that there is still a water planet within the orbit of Mercury.

  In February 1860, this water planet officially had its own name—the **** of blacksmithing in Roman mythology "Vulcanus", and the Chinese translation is called Zhu Rongxing.

   During the next half century.

   Zhu Rongxing has become a key target pursued by many physicists and astronomers.

   But no matter how hard the astronomers tried, they couldn't find the planet:

  The distance between Mercury and the Earth is only one astronomical unit. If such a planet really exists, it should not be difficult to find in theory.

   And just when the astronomical community got nothing.

  The old love is on the stage.

  He proposed the theory of relativity, explaining that the precession of Mercury is caused by the gravitational field of the sun being dragged by its own rotation, which gave Zhu Rong a fatal blow.

  Like many weapons that will see blood when they are unsheathed, the theory of relativity obliterates a planet as soon as it comes into play.

But on the other hand.

   Students who understand the theory of relativity should know it.

  In fact, after the theory of relativity was proposed, it was not "equipped" with many parameters.

  For example, we only know that the curvature of space-time caused by gravity is related to the speed of light, and we also know that the curvature of space-time at the event horizon of a black hole reduces the speed of light to zero.

  But the speed of light is not the original physical parameter to express the curvature of space-time. The ghost knows how much space-time is bent.

  So mathematicians of later generations established mathematical topological manifolds, observed and calculated many parameters through gravitational lensing effect and liquid superfluid helium3.

  The substantive evidence like Lao Ai'killing' Zhu Rongxing is actually the verification of light by the total solar eclipse later, not a mathematical derivation.

  The time when the angle of Mercury's precession was actually summarized with mathematical formulas was in 1968, when the old love passed away more than one round.

   So in theory.

   If you are lucky.

  Some parameters can be determined by calculation before the theory of relativity is put forward.

  Although this probability is ridiculously small, it does not exist.

  For example, the Runge-Lenz vector involved in high school physics competitions is one of them.

  The solutions obtained when n=2, 3, and 4 are actually completely consistent with the perturbation method.

   So on this piece of paper handed to Gauss.

  Xu Yun directly summed up the reason for the precession angle of Mercury with a mathematical formula, and it can be universally applied to any planet in the system.

  Don't ask, asking is because the 'Fat Fish Ancestor' is a scholar of heaven and man, and has an insight into the nature of the world.

  Anyway, you see that Lao Ai has no objection right now, right?

   Not to mention Gauss, a living mathematical miracle in front of him, Xu Yun's actions are not too outrageous to be honest-after all, he only gave the formula, and did not propose the content of the theory of relativity.

   This is equivalent to someone solving the Riemann conjecture in 2022. The sensation must be a sensation, but it will not be caught for slices and breeding.

  Gauss then collected Xu Yun's piece of paper as a treasure, pondered for a moment, and said to Xu Yun:

   "Student Luo Feng, with the three things you provided, maybe we can really gain something."

   "Well, I will immediately start preparing for the observation when I go back. After one year, I hope we can reproduce the glory of tonight."

  Seeing that Gauss could not wait to leave the shed, Xu Yun suddenly stopped him:

   "Professor Gauss, please wait."

   "?"

  Gauss frowned when he saw that he looked like a scumbag who put on his pants after an appointment and wanted to leave. He asked impatiently:

   "Anything else?"

  Xu Yun nodded and said:

   "There is indeed one more thing, that is, if we want to be able to observe that unknown planet, we still need a helper."

   "Who? Poncelier? Gloria? Cassie? Is it still Xia, who is called Zhang?"

  "...Neither, he is my senior and a student who graduated from Trinity College."

"What is your name?"

   "Charles Babbage."

Note:

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  (end of this chapter)