Rebirth of the Industrial Tycoon

Xingfu 250 puffed a puff of black smoke and stopped at the door of the bank.

Li Weidong got off the motorcycle and hurriedly walked to the business hall of the bank.

The doorman sitting at the door glanced at Li Weidong and asked, "Young man, are you here to ask about the exchange rate again?"

"Yes, let's take a look at the exchange rate of the yen today, sir, my car is unlocked, help me check it out." Li Weidong said, stuffed a cigarette into the doorman, and then walked in.

During this period of time, Li Weidong has come to inquire about the exchange rate of the Japanese yen every three or five times, and he has become a regular customer of the bank, not only the janitor, but also the salesperson in the bank. He also knows Li Weidong.

After a while, Li Weidong came out from the inside with a smile on his face.

The uncle had already lit the cigarette, and when he saw Li Weidong walking out with a smile, he immediately asked, "Has the yen risen again?"

"Yeah, it has gone up again. Now 100 yen can be exchanged for one yuan and sixty cents." Li Weidong said with a smile.

"One dollar and six? Didn't I exchange one dollar for five in the first two days? It's only a few days, and 100 yen can be exchanged for one more money!" I ran to the bank and asked the price of yen, how much yen do you have?"

"Not much, that's 2,500 yen." Li Weidong replied with a smile.

"One dollar six times twenty-five, five or sixty thirty, two sixty-one twelve, the sum is fifteen, fifteen plus twenty-five, that's forty dollars!" The uncle blurted out.

Li Weidong was stunned for a moment, but he didn't expect this uncle to have such a powerful arithmetic ability, and he deserves to be the janitor of the bank.

In September 1985, the Plaza Accord was signed, and in the next three months, the yen appreciated wildly by 20%.

Li Weidong ran to the bank every three days to check the exchange rate of the Japanese yen.

The exchange rate announced by the bank is the official exchange rate, so Li Weidong's 25 million yen can be exchanged for 400,000 yuan in foreign exchange certificates.

To exchange RMB directly on the black market, this number has to be multiplied by three, and 25 million yen can be exchanged for 1.2 million RMB.

Everything was as Li Weidong expected, he did nothing with the yen in hand, and earned 200,000 in three months.

In the next three years, the yen will appreciate wildly by 50%. If Li Weidong has not found a suitable project, it is also a good plan to continue to hold the yen.

...

Happiness 250 blew through a black whirlwind and took Li Weidong back to the freight station.

As soon as he entered the gate of the dispatch department, Luo Bing shoved a document to Li Weidong.

"Xiao Li, this is the document just issued by the prefectural committee. Study it carefully. In January next year, our company will also implement it." Luo Bing said.

Li Weidong took over the document and glanced at the content. It was related to the reform of state-owned enterprises, and the reform of state-owned enterprises was mainly to promote the gradual socialization of the tertiary industry of state-owned enterprises.

In the era of planned economy, whether it is a state-owned enterprise or a collective enterprise, there are more or less some tertiary industries, and the larger the state-owned enterprise, the larger the scale of the tertiary industry, and the more complete the categories of the tertiary industry.

The reason why large state-owned enterprises can protect employees from birth to death is that they rely on the tertiary industry of state-owned enterprises.

For example, if an employee needs a bath, the unit will build a bathhouse; if there is no one to look after the child at home, the unit will build a kindergarten; if the children of the unit need to go to school, the unit will build a school; if the employee needs to see a doctor, the unit will build a kindergarten. A hospital; if the workers need to buy things, the unit will build a supply and marketing cooperative; if the workers need clothes, the unit will build a garment factory.

According to this model, the super-large state-owned enterprises will be located in a small city, where all walks of life are readily available.

For example, the Qinghe Transportation Company has only five or six hundred drivers, but there are thousands of employees, because of the existence of the tertiary industry. The employees of the tertiary industry are also regular employees of the enterprise.

even occupy the majority of the enterprise.

In the era of planned economy, materials are relatively in short supply. In many cases, enterprises cannot obtain the corresponding materials, so they can only do it themselves. It is understandable that the establishment of the third industry will provide food and clothing and ensure the normal operation of the enterprise.

After the reform and opening up, many materials can be bought in the market, and many inefficient tertiary industries have become a burden to enterprises.

Not to mention that these tertiary industries do not make money, they still need to consume a lot of money every month. Most of the profits obtained by enterprises are subsidized by the tertiary industries, so that enterprises have no money to improve technology and buy new equipment, so they cannot improve productivity. Businesses will be dragged down.

The most basic characteristics of modern enterprises are clear property rights, clear responsibilities, separation of government and enterprises, and scientific management. The existence of the tertiary industry of state-owned enterprises is obviously contrary to it.

Therefore, socializing the tertiary industry of state-owned enterprises and finally realizing the separation of state-owned enterprises and the tertiary industry has become a must-do.

The state-owned enterprise tertiary industry has existed for so many years, and it is obviously impossible to separate the state-owned enterprise from the tertiary industry at once. Letting the tertiary industry operate independently and make independent accounting of benefits has become the first step in the reform of the tertiary industry of state-owned enterprises.

In 1986, the tax reform of state-owned enterprises was coming to an end. After the reform of profits and taxes, the distribution relationship between the state and enterprises was fixed through the tax law, and state-owned enterprises gradually got rid of excessive administrative intervention and became economic entities with independent production and management, and responsible for their own profits and losses.

According to the regulations after the tax reform, state-owned enterprises are required to pay corporate income tax to the state. Medium and large state-owned enterprises are required to pay 55% corporate income tax. Small enterprises are divided into eight grades according to their taxable income. The highest grade is also 55% and the lowest one The tax rate is 10%.

Under this system, if state-owned enterprises and the tertiary industry are unified in accounting, then everyone must pay taxes at the 55% level.

Just like a transportation company, the freight department can earn 2 million a month. It is no problem to pay income tax at the 55% level.

But if the third-generation bathhouse of the transportation company also pays the tax at the 55% level, wouldn't it be a big loss!

In addition, after the reform of profits and taxes, the tax types have become more detailed. The original industrial and commercial tax has been divided into product tax, value-added tax, business tax and salt tax, which are applicable to different industries.

For example, those enterprises that directly engage in production should pay product tax and value-added tax as a matter of course.

But as the bathhouse of the company's tertiary production, it does not produce anything. If it pays product tax and value-added tax with the company, it will lose another 100 million yuan when it is rounded up.

Under such circumstances, it is very necessary for state-owned enterprises to independently operate the tertiary industry, conduct independent accounting of benefits, and pay taxes independently.

The independent operation of the tertiary industry will also encounter a problem, that is, losing the protection of the backer.

State-owned enterprises in the era of planned economy guaranteed income during droughts and floods, including tertiary industries. The tertiary industry employees of state-owned enterprises eat the same pot of rice, which is also guaranteed income during drought and flood.

The tertiary industry operates independently and the benefits are independently calculated. This big pot of rice has become a small pot of rice. If the tertiary industry has good economic benefits, it is natural that the wages and bonuses are high, and the economic benefits are not good, so you can only starve.

However, state-owned tertiary enterprises have long been accustomed to enjoying the shade under the big tree, and most of the state-owned tertiary industries could not adapt to the fierce market competition, and eventually went to the road of bankruptcy.

In the wave of layoffs from state-owned enterprises, the first to be laid off are the workers of the tertiary industry. Even monopoly enterprises such as electric power and petrochemicals cannot avoid the layoff of their workers of the tertiary industry.

In Li Weidong's memory, among the many three industries of the transportation company, only four survived. They are the auto repair shop, the canteen at the bus station, the school for the children of the transportation company, and the traffic hospital.

Schools and hospitals, taken over by the education and health departments respectively, became public in nature. The auto repair shop business is getting more and more prosperous. On the other hand, the canteen at the bus station, by selling instant noodles with biscuits, ham and sausage, has become a feng shui treasure.

However, in Li Weidong's eyes, those failed tertiary industries have a lot of potential to be tapped, and he has already set his sights on a target. .

"Next year will be 1986, the company's contracting policy will become clear, and then I can contract the third industry!"

Thinking of this, Li Weidong couldn't help but start to chuckle. He finally got the chance to start a business.