The Miserable World

Chapter 5 Part One (4)
'Look at the people of Briancon！They have conferred on the poor，on widows and orphans，the right to have their meadows mown three days in advance of every one else.They rebuild their houses for them gratuitously when they are ruined.Therefore it is a country which is blessed by God.
For a whole century，there has not been a single murderer among them.'
In villages which were greedy for profit and harvest，he said：'Look at the people of Embrun！

If，at the harvest season，the father of a family has his son away on service in the army，and his daughters at service in the town，and if he is ill and incapacitated，the cure recommends him to the prayers of the congregation；and on Sunday，after the mass，all the inhabitants of the village——men，women，and children——go to the poor man's field and do his harvesting for him，and carry his straw and his grain to his granary.'To families divided by questions of money and inheritance he said：'Look at the mountaineers of Devolny，a country so wild that the nightingale is not heard there once in fifty years.
Well，when the father of a family dies，the boys go off to seek their fortunes，leaving the property to the girls，so that they may find husbands.'To the cantons which had a taste for lawsuits，and where the farmers ruined themselves in stamped paper，he said：

'Look at those good peasants in the valley of Queyras！

There are three thousand souls of them.Mon Dieu！it is like a little republic.
Neither judge nor bailiff is known there.
The mayor does everything.
He allots the imposts，taxes each person conscientiously，judges quarrels for nothing，divides inheritances without charge，pronounces sentences gratuitously；and he is obeyed，because he is a just man among simple men.'To villages where he found no schoolmaster，he quoted once more the people of Queyras：

'Do you know how they manage？'he said.
'Since a little country of a dozen or fifteen hearths cannot always support a teacher，they have school-masters who are paid by the whole valley，who make the round of the villages，spending a week in this one，ten days in that，and instruct them.
These teachers go to the fairs.I have seen them there.
They are to be recognized by the quill pens which they wear in the cord of their hat.
Those who teach reading only have one pen；those who teach reading and reckoning have two pens；those who teach reading，reckoning，and Latin have three pens.
But what a disgrace to be ignorant！

Do like the people of Queyras！

Thus he discoursed gravely and paternally；in default of examples，he invented parables，going directly to the point，with few phrases and many images，which characteristic formed the real eloquence of Jesus Christ.
And being convinced himself，he was persuasive.
Ⅳ　WORKS CORRESPONDING TO WORDS
His conversation was gay and affable.
He put himself on a level with the two old women who had passed their lives beside him.When he laughed，it was the laugh of a schoolboy.
Madame Magloire liked to call him Your Grace[Votre Grandeur].One day he rose from his arm-chair，and went to his library in search of a book.This book was on one of the upper shelves.
As the bishop was rather short of stature，he could not reach it.
'Madame Magloire，'said he，'fetch me a chair.
My greatness[grandeur]does not reach as far as that shelf.'
One of his distant relatives，Madame la Comtesse de Lo，rarely allowed an opportunity to escape of enumerating，in his presence，what she designated as'the expectations'of her three sons.She had numerous relatives，who were very old and near to death，and of whom her sons were the natural heirs.
The youngest of the three was to receive from a grand-aunt a good hundred thousand livres of income；the second was the heir by entail to the title of the Duke，his uncle；the eldest was to succeed to the peerage of his grandfather.
The Bishop was accustomed to listen in silence to these innocent and pardonable maternal boasts.
On one occasion，however，he appeared to be more thoughtful than usual，while Madame de Lo was relating once again the details of all these inheritances and all these'expectations.'
She interrupted herself impatiently：'Mon Dieu，cousin！

What are you thinking about？'
'I am thinking，'replied the Bishop，'of a singular remark，which is to be found，I believe，in St.Augustine，——Place your hopes in the man from whom you do not inherit.'
At another time，on receiving a notification of the decease of a gentleman of the country-side，wherein not only the dignities of the dead man，but also the feudal and noble qualifications of all his relatives，spread over an entire page：

'What a stout back Death has！'he exclaimed.
'What a strange burden of titles is cheerfully imposed on him，and how much wit must men have，in order thus to press the tomb into the service of vanity！'
He was gifted，on occasion，with a gentle raillery，which almost always concealed a serious meaning.
In the course of one Lent，a youthful vicar came to D——，and preached in the cathedral.He was tolerably eloquent.
The subject of his sermon was charity.He urged the rich to give to the poor，in order to avoid hell，which he depicted in the most frightful manner of which he was capable，and to win paradise，which he represented as charming and desirable.Among the audience there was a wealthy retired merchant，who was somewhat of a usurer，named M.Geborand，who had amassed two millions in the manufacture of coarse cloth，serges，and woollen galloons.Never in his whole life had M.Geborand bestowed alms on any poor wretch.After the delivery of that sermon，it was observed that he gave a sou every Sunday to the poor old beggar-women at the door of the cathedral.There were six of them to share it.
One day the Bishop caught sight of him in the act of bestowing this charity，and said to his sister，with a smile，'There is M.Geborand purchasing paradise for a sou.'
When it was a question of charity，he was not to be rebuffed even by a refusal，and on such occasions he gave utterance to remarks which induced reflection.
(End of this chapter)