The rise of nanometers

July 5th.

Zhao Yinghua's team and Huang Xiuyuan met in Huaihua City, Hunan Province, where the joint venture between Suiren Company and Hunan Province, Southern Petrochemical Group, was established.

It had just rained lightly today. Zhang Guangyi, general manager of Southern Petrochemical Group, took Huang Xiuyuan, Zhao Yinghua and his party to the mountainous area on the north side of Jiangkou Town.

In July in Xiangxi, despite a light rain, the weather was still slightly hot.

A road was built in the mountainous area, and the team drove north along the road for about 2.3 kilometers before entering a factory building.

Looking around, in addition to huge water and gas pipelines, there are large areas of petrochemical equipment surrounding the factory.

This used to be the mine of Blue Star Mining. It was originally used as a refining mining area for bauxite and hematite. Later, after the international mining market was conquered, this mining area was sealed.

Until November last year, Blue Star Mining restarted this mining area and established the Southern Petrochemical Group through a joint venture with Hunan Province. The area has once again regained its popularity.

After more than half a year of construction, the infrastructure and factory buildings have been initially completed.

However, Huang Xiuyuan, Zhao Yinghua and others came not to see the factory, but to see the oil wells.

About three kilometers east of the factory area, three pipelines are inserted into the underground rock formations. In the control room nearby, more than a dozen engineers are debugging various systems.

Zhao Yinghua's team is quite familiar with this place because they are not only engaged in coal chemical industry, but also in oil and gas exploration.

Perhaps many people are confused and have never heard of the existence of oil fields in Xiangxi, but in fact, there are "oil fields" here and the reserves are very rich.

Western Hunan is located in the center of the Yangtze Platform, which is the largest shale oil and gas reservoir in the south and has very rich shale oil and gas reserves.

It’s just that the shale oil in China is different from the shale oil in the United States. The shale oil in the United States is mainly marine, while in China it is mainly continental.

The structure of the two is different, resulting in different mining techniques. The United States usually uses hydraulic fracturing, which is to drive a mixture of water, sediment, and catalyst into the shale layer to release the oil and gas in the shale. .

As for the specific catalyst, sorry, this is an industry secret. American oil companies will not disclose such things.

However, according to surveys by relevant environmental protection organizations, groundwater in shale oil mining areas generally contains large amounts of toxic or carcinogenic substances.

Obviously, American oil companies are hiding a lot of things.

As an environmentally friendly company, it is naturally impossible for Suiren to adopt a solution that pollutes groundwater. Therefore, traditional hydraulic fracturing is not suitable for domestic shale oil extraction.

Fang Bingtian, who is in charge of shale oil and shale gas extraction technology, immediately ran over when he saw Huang Xiuyuan and others: "Chairman, Lao Zhao, Manager Zhang."

"How is the mining situation?" Huang Xiuyuan looked at the instrument.

"Chairman, this well is the fourth well we have drilled. The current production has stabilized at 3,700 barrels of shale oil and 350,000 cubic meters of shale gas per day." Fang Bingtian replied with familiarity.

Huang Xiuyuan raised his eyebrows: "Where are the other three wells?"

Fang Bingtian is well aware of the mining situation here: "The daily production of the first well is only 571 barrels, or about 82,000 cubic meters; the second well did not reach the rich oil and gas area; the third well's daily production is 1,036 barrels, 140,000 cubic meters.”

Huang Xiuyuan nodded with satisfaction, and then asked another question: "How clean is the groundwater?"

"The groundwater is very normal. There is no obvious pollution in either shallow groundwater or deep groundwater."

"Are you sure?" Huang Xiuyuan looked at the security personnel stationed there, who nodded and took out an independent test report.

He took it and looked through it. These data were quite normal.

"Chairman, please rest assured that we will not pollute the surrounding groundwater indiscriminately in order to exploit oil and gas." Zhang Guangyi assured with confidence.

The shale oil extraction technology developed by Suiren is actually an improved version of hydraulic fracturing. It is different from the hydraulic fracturing method in the United States. Suiren’s method only uses pure water and supercritical nitrogen 16 catalyst, and does not require Adding sediment does not require high pressure, it only needs to be injected into the shale layer.

The key to this technology is the supercritical nitrogen 16 catalyst. The supercritical nitrogen 16 catalyst has the same effect as the ordinary nitrogen 16 catalyst. Both can promote the decomposition of small molecular organic matter by high molecular organic matter.

But the difference is that supercritical nitrogen 16 does not require ultraviolet light and temperature assistance. When it comes into contact with high molecular organic matter, it will cause the high molecular organic matter to crack.

The cracked oil shale will release a large amount of shale oil and shale gas, and supercritical nitrogen 16 will completely decompose into nitrogen in about two hours and will not remain in the water body.

However, there are still some unavoidable problems in oil shale mining, such as earthquakes and subsidence.

This is because the structure of oil shale undergoes structural changes after the release of oil and gas. This is an unavoidable problem in shale oil exploitation.

In order to avoid subsidence, only a silica compound can be used. This silica compound will combine with the silica in the shale to form large-area silica crystals, allowing the shale to restore its complete structure.

Although this has increased some costs, the frequency of subsidence and earthquakes, as well as the intensity of earthquakes, have dropped significantly.

After listening to Fang Bingtian's introduction to hydraulic catalysis technology, Huang Xiuyuan asked: "How much does it cost to produce?"

"Shale oil is about 113 yuan per barrel, and shale gas is about 0.3 yuan per cubic meter." Zhang Guangyi replied quickly.

Huang Xiuyuan frowned: "Shale gas is okay, but shale oil is still a bit high."

"Chairman, in order to ensure environmental protection and safety, we can only increase some costs. Among them, the cost of environmental protection and geological safety is about 28 yuan per barrel of shale oil." Zhang Guangyi explained helplessly.

Huang Xiuyuan could only give up on this. After all, environmental protection and safety are still indispensable. He waved his hand: "Forget it, let's make do with mining! Large-scale mining should be able to spread out some costs."

In fact, the cost of the shale oil and gas extraction technology developed by Suiren is already lower than that of American shale oil. The production cost of American shale oil is about 32 to 49 yuan per barrel.

The production cost of Huaihua shale oil averages about 19 yuan per barrel, which is only about one-half of that of U.S. shale oil.

Although it seems uncompetitive compared to the 8 to 10 yuan cost of the major West Asian dog producers, it is already on par with Lucia's crude oil cost. Coupled with local advantages, the competitiveness is actually not weak.

What's more, China is the world's largest crude oil consumer market. Under the self-produced and self-sold model, it is not impossible to compete with crude oil from West Asia.

Although Huaihua shale oil is only being exploited experimentally, this technology has proven that it can enter large-scale mass production.

Although domestic oil reserves are small, shale oil and shale gas reserves are very large, reaching 47.6 billion tons and 719.9 billion tons respectively.

These are only proven reserves, there are still many unproven reserves.

Coupled with the hydraulic catalysis method, shale oil and gas can be exploited to the maximum extent, effectively increasing the recoverable amount.

Huaihua shale oil and gas reserves alone reach 76 million tons of shale oil and 1.2 billion tons of shale gas.

Large-scale exploitation of domestic shale oil and gas is also one of the important means to ensure domestic energy security.

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